Knowledge Center

Watch the presentation delivered by Masterclock CEO John Clark and Chief Scientist Demetrios Matsakis as they discuss the history and evolution of time and timekeeping

Masterclock today announced the launch of their latest advanced timing device with the first shipment of the GMR6000 time servers.

While the world stood staring in awe at the solar eclipse of April 2024, so did I. But I also studied the role of this celestial event in our history, from cultural interpretations to scientific findings.

When Dr. Parameswar Banerjee asked me to coauthor a book about the science of timekeeping I turned him down. Twice. But it certainly wasn’t for lack of love.

When my son was all of three years old, he asked me how to make a car. I told him it takes a lot of people to make one, and each person makes one part. He understood that, though...

Recently an article appeared in Nature Astronomy suggesting that dark matter could be detected by flying a clock near the Sun[1]. If it succeeds there will be something poetic about it, because the very...

The French say that success has 100 fathers, but failure is an orphan. The French say a lot of things. In my younger days I took that as a cynical, though probably correct, observation of human...

This subject strongly depends on feedback and is one of extreme importance for the Observatory, which asks for your patience, all of you who are not directly...

Typically in a Windows OS, you will use Masterclock’s free WinDiscovery software to establish first-time networking configuration. However, in Windows, Linux, UNIX, Macintosh and...

For more than 150 years, Schneider Electric has been known for its excellence and innovative nature in respect to energy management. The company has evolved to master the industry of electricity...

Synchronization of effort is the cornerstone of military tactics. It is this fact which influences the evaluation of System 621B as a time transfer device. System 621B is an illustrative example of the application of space...

First, I would just like to reiterate Mr. Fletcher’s comments concerning the synchronization of OMEGA to the international time base, as specified by the...

We are developing a transportable laser-cooled rubidium (Rb) atomic fountain frequency standard. Over the last year, we have built the Ramsey...

Sudden phase anomalies (SPA’s) observed on VLF recordings are related to Sudden Ionospheric...

Starting with an assumed ideal network having perfect clocks at every node and known fixed transmissions...

A program is in progress to implement coordinated universal time (UTC) synchronization on al Loran-O transmissions. The present capability is limited to...

An experimental system using previse time techniques is presently under construction and will be tested in 1974. It will provide accurate surveillance data to...

A prototype of a semireal-time system for synchronizing the DSN station cocks by radio...

Radio astronomy experiments have demonstrated the feasibility of making precise position measurement using interferometry techniques. The application...

The U.S. Army Electronics Technology and Devices Laboratory, ECOM, Forth Monmouth, New Jersey, was asked at the end of 1969 by the then Naval Applied...

At last year’s PTTI we ran an actual time transfer between two building approximately 300 feet apart. We did this by means of a satellite approximately 500...

In house research and development of Goddard Space Flight Center to provide advanced frequency and...

The OMEGA transmissions from North Dakota on 13.10 and 12.85 kHz were monitored at several...

I would like to make some comments and would speak to the last three presentations which have been made I think the range is very wide—perhaps between...

Between 1964 and 1970 the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers established networks of accurate...

The prototype system for Deep Space Network (DSN) clock synchronization by VI, BI has been...

In the Frequency and Time Standard Development Program of the TIMATION System, a new...

The aim of the PTTI Program is to provide to the user a coordinated time systems that can be reference to the Naval Observatory Long-range transfers will be...

The Defense Mapping Agency, as well as its predecessors, has been a user of time for a number of years as part of the geodetic astronomy and...

A central source of coordinating all agencies’ clock trips was suggested to avoid two or more teams visiting the same area at approximately the same...

This will be a discussion on the background and the future of the Defense Satellite Communication Program. I am going to give an introduction to our satellite system, where we are and where we are...

The Royal Greenwich Observatory plays a unique role in timekeeping having both national and...

This paper is about the fiber optic development work that has been going on at the Naval Electronics Laboratory Center, particularly an application of...

The principal limitation of the accuracy of the hydrogen maser as a primary frequency standard has been the irreproducibility of the frequency shift caused by...

The Defense Communication System will be moving rapidly toward providing switched digital service to...

The Navy’s Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) program concerns many syst3ems having to do with communications, navigation, and other time-coordinated activities. To assess the ability of…

This paper is concerned with some of the standard which were discussed in previous pagers. The first picture, Figure 1, is a source of what I really...

A review of general principles and operational procedures illustrates how the typical passive user and omni receiving antenna can recover PTTI...

High precision frequency measurements with...

VLF phase tracking finds application in: long-range standard frequency distribution, long-range clock synchronization, global radio navigation, global...

A proposed navigation concept requires that a user measure the time-delay that satellite-emitted signals experience in traversing the distance between...

The Long Range Position Determining System (LRPDS) is being developed by the Army Engineer Topographic Laboratories. The MRPDS is designed...

The Aerospace Guidance & Metrology Center (AGMC) has the responsibility for the dissemination of Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) to Air Force timing...

It is good to work in a real world if possible and the real world in time and frequency has had a look over the years as shown in Figure 1. NRL has been active...

Precise comparisons of clocks are now regularly made over several Defense Satellite Communication System (DSCS) trunks employing communications modems...

This report contains a brief discussion of the time synchronization experiment performed during the summer of 1970 with the Moon-Bounce Time...

Frequency comparisons were made among five NASA hydrogen masers in 1969 and gain in 1972 to a...

The subject of this paper is precise time and time interval dissemination via the OMEGA Navigation System. Dissemination of time and time interval is an incidental fallout of OMEGA, and this…

The possibility of using VLF signals for time transmissions became evident when the received signal phase was found extremely table over...

Each OMEGA Navigation Station is scheduled to transmit two unique frequencies separated by 250Hz. These signals can be used to transfer precise time...

In the course of testing various rubidium and cesium frequency standards under operational conditions...

In the FSK mode of time marking at Northwest Cape as discussed by Dr. Winkler, is it not possible to...

In order to assess the practical utility of high...

During the first two weeks of October, 1971, R.E. Keating of the U.S. Naval Observatory and I flew twice around the world on regular scheduled commercial...

During the last decade the rapid growth of time/frequency technology has brought forth...

In the past year, the increase in PTTI data to be reduced to the U.S. Naval Observatory Master...

The role of Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) in the Defense Communications Systems (DCS) is...

Independent PCM telemetry data signals received from missiles must be correlated to within ±100...

Frequency and Time Systems, Inc., is organized to supply state-of-the-art precision oscillators based upon internal development programs, advanced...

The Precision Time Distribution System (PTTI) at the Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex...

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a technique which is was developed by radio astronomers...

The Second Department of Defense Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Strategic Planning Meeting...

This volume contains the papers presented at the Fifth Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI)...

This volume contains the papers and panel discussions presented at the fourth Precise Time...

The Third Annual Department of Defense (DOD)...

VERDIN is the Navy’s VLF system to replace the present FSK modulation on our VLF and on some of our LP broadcasts. The first installations are...

A method to utilize television transmission in a passive mode for the real time synchronization of clock has...

The work to be described is concerned with satellite timing systems that would serve a large number...

This paper addresses the requirement, specifications, and performance for atomic frequency standards in general. Requirements for universal time and...

The Long Range Position-Determining System (LRPDS) has been developed by the Corps of...

The purpose of the paper is to provide information on Navy underwater three-dimensional tracking...

The responsibility of the Naval Observatory to maintain precise time coordination on a worldwide basis requires frequent comparisons of distant time...

The following is a brief description of the current status of timing electronics for the new Lunar Laser...

The Time and Frequency Division of the NBA provides several services to the general public. The radio...

Relative comparisons of Loran-C frequency transmissions between the master station of...

We would like to go back to some fundamentals...

The intermediate term frequency stability of a group of new high-performance ccsium beam tubes...

During 1972 time transfer experiments were run...

The Control Data Corporation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, under contract to Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, L.G. Hanscom Field, Bedford...

Comparisons of crystal oscillators to the rubidium...

Variations in the received daytime phase of long distance, ccsium-controlled, VLF transmissions...

One useful aspect of synchronous digital transmission is that we are not limited by noise in any given...

The OMEGA Position Location Experiment (OPLE) was performed in 1967 by the Goddard Space Flight Center in order to demonstrate a position location and...

An experiment is being planned which will be run early next summer from a satellite under development by the Applied Physics Laboratory for the Polaris people...

The work to be described is part of the National Bureau of Standards’ (NBS) continuing effort to provide...

The most practical methods of using high-frequency (HF) broadcasts for frequency and time comparison...

This satellite is the third in a series of experimental satellites designed to investigate and demonstrate the techniques of a satellite navigation system. Timation III is designed to measure the error budget...

TIMATION is not a system; but rather it is technology that can lead to a system. The only satellite navigation system that exists is the Navy TRANSIT system...

The results from a total of a dozen transcontinental and intercontinental VLBI experiments will be...

Time and frequency (T&F) are fundamental and pervasive parameters of telecommunication technology. Advancing development of digital...

This paper is a discussion of the history of the collision avoidance program and the current status of FAA plans and requirements. First, however, some basic...

My talk will outline some of the time and frequency requirements we have for the Earth and Ocean...

Two systems of VLBI (very Long Baseline Interferometry) at J.P.L are now applicable to...

I take great pleasure in coming over to these rather hallowed halls of the Naval Research Laboratory. May I remind you that our Naval Observatory, which...

The National Bureau of Standards is conducting experiments in the utilization of television for...

This paper presents a brief review of the various methods of time dissemination and a discussion of the timing receiver developed for use with the...

The requirements for transmitter stations clocks are 0.3ms (1s)± 1 ms for receiver clocks. It is of...

Very Long Baseline Interferometry is a highly accurate method for determining the angular positions of...

The most recent TRANSIT satellite launched introduced new system timing capabilities of the Navy Navigation Satellite System. The characteristics...

The Applied Physics Laboratory has nothing particularly spectacular to offer in the form of time transfer; however, the navigation satellite system has provided precision time from the beginning...

The theory of VLF timing from phase measurements is briefly reviewed with attention to both frequency and epoch. Propagational aspects are noted without...

It is the purpose of this paper to provide one more opportunity to remind you of the coming changeovers, to give you some of the reasons and details, to solicit questions, and to find out if you anticipate any...

The original purpose of this paper was to present off-the-air data on the recovery of the time stream transmitted by the VLF station NBA at Summit...

Historically, applications of interferometry have been primarily for astronomical purposes beginning with the work of A.A. Michelson and F.G. Pease in 1920...

Masterclock digital clock displays range in digit size from 0.6 inches (1.5 cm) to 7 inches (20 cm). Our digital clocks use diffused LEDs to create light...

Kennedy Space Center is NASA's rocket launch headquarters, the home of our nation’s outer space and orbiting satellite programs. Users at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) rely heavily on system...

Network Time Protocol (NTP) is an open standard Internet protocol that utilizes standard Ethernet wiring to synchronize computers, clocks, networks...

Time code is a low power audio signal similar to the signal of a modem that contains time and date information. This signal can be transmitted over inexpensive coaxial cable and wiring such as…

Masterclock’s newest master clock server, the GMR5000 changecan support and synchronize hundreds of thousands of NTP devices on a local area network (LAN) to act as an enterprise-wide…

Network Time Protocol (NTP) is widely used in LANs and WANs to synchronize computer clocks to national standard time. NTP sets up a reference server...

In hospitals and medical care facilities, time is critical. Reports, charts, and recorded procedures require consistent time entries to ensure accurate...

Masterclock, Inc. will be exhibiting at the 2016 PTTI meeting in Monterey, California, January 25-28, 2016. The Precise Time and Time Interval Systems...

Achieve high-resolution time synchronization without expensive infrastructure changes. The GMR5000 Master Clock change and the CyTime™ Sequence...

Masterclock attended and provided timing for the inaugural DATT ( Defense and Aerospace, Test and Telemetry) Summit in the Washington, D.C. area. DATT Summit  is a new convention and trade show...

Masterclock’s new time zone clocks change can be combined to create a unique time zone display.  Each clock can be customized with red, blue, green, amber, or white* (*time line only) LEDs, with a 4- or 6-digit...

Video surveillance is an essential feature of any modern security system. Without accurate time stamps, however, surveillance video cannot...

Held every September just north of Reno, the National Championship Air Races have become something of a northern Nevada tradition, drawing aviation...

In April 2016, the Securities and Exchange Commission approved a proposed rule change...

Everybody knows about leap years and that extra day that gets added to the calendar every four years or so. However, few know about the leap second, which is added on a sporadic basis to ensure that the 24-hour...

From SCADA (supervisory control and data-acquisition) systems to PLCs (programmable-logic controllers), industrial automation includes...

In today’s economic world, the word on the tip of all of our tongues is “globalization.” Long before the days...

Maintaining accurate time is key in the travel industry, especially in airport terminals and air traffic control systems. Airports and airlines are particularly...

Accurate timing and synchronization can be accomplished in many ways. While your specific choice of technique depends on your requirements, adhering to proven standards make your…

In the world of modern computing, accurate timing is everything. As networks grow increasingly complicated, they demand reliable standards that ensure...

Masterclock’s new 6-digit multi-color digital clock, the LUX26, changeincludes an array of state-of-the-art features that outperform other digital clocks on...

Whether you use GPS to maintain accurate UTC for your facility’s IP-enabled security system or you simply employ it to keep your distributed scientific control...

Daylight Saving Time ends at 2:00AM on Sunday, November 5, 2017. Here are a few DST facts you may not know: Although you probably hear it referred...

In the world of timing systems, precision and accuracy are everything. In order to synchronize components across great distances, it’s vital that you retain...

Synchronized time keeps your organization on-time, on-track, and on-budget while helping to ensure compliance with ever-increasing traceability...

The IRIG-B time code is used in military, government, power industry, and many other commercial and industrial applications to ensure precise time synchronization. Time information is pulse-width...

Measuring time is about more than merely knowing when events occur. It’s a vital prerequisite for synchronizing your operations, securing your data...

Do your networks or systems use Coordinated Universal Time, or UTC? April 6, 2019, is probably a date worth marking in advance. Unlike a regular...

Masterclock manufactures a variety of precise timing PCIe cards to provide sub-millisecond synchronization accuracy for your server or PC. Our cards offer...

A network time server is not something many business owners think of, and timekeeping is usually not a priority for network administrators. However...

To most people, GNSS satellites are something vague that fly around in the upper atmosphere. From there, the technical details tend to get a bit hairy. As long...

The Masterclock team is getting ready for the 2020 Precise Time and Timing Interval (PTTI) conference, January 21-24 in San Diego, CA. The annual...

We hear much about emergent properties of the internet. I might have guessed that the internet would enable high-speed trading – after all the Rothschilds...

The latest news on pulsar J1906+746 gives me an opportunity to spout off. For almost all my life I’ve heard that pulsars can be great clocks. But that was only after they ruled out “ET communications” and...

Everyone knows that over-designing can lead to problems—but not everybody pays with his life. Poor Nikolai von Meck! An energetic man, he inherited his father’s fascination with railroads. His widowed...

Masterclock is proud to announce its newly minted partnership with UK distribution partner, Sarsen...

ST. CHARLES, MO: Masterclock, a manufacturer and provider of precise time and frequency solutions...

There are many admirable people, and each one of us typically resonates with certain classes of them. If you are fascinated by people who make brilliant discoveries in the face of irrational opposition, you might be...

ST. CHARLES, MO. May 4, 2020—Masterclock, Inc., a leading provider of time and frequency systems, announced today the launch of their Global Sales...

ST CHARLES, MO. June 2, 2020—Masterclock, Inc., a provider of time and frequency products and solutions to mission critical customers around the globe...

A recent update to many network security monitoring platforms incorrectly identifies many Masterclock network devices as having a critical vulnerability to...

On this November 1, the continental USA “falls back” to standard time. Except for Arizona, which does not “spring forward” to daylight savings time except for...

As this contentious year comes to its end, perhaps we should look to the heavens for a sign of convergence. It’s been done before. Try the western sky after sunset on December 21, our shortest day. Behold, you will...

If you’re managing financial transactions, engineering an electrical utility system, or just want to be sure you have the right time, then you have probably heard the term traceability. It is often loosely, as a synonym...

It is with heavy hearts that Masterclock announces the passing of our founder William “Bill” Clark on February 6, 2021 at the age of 83. Bill started Masterclock in the family garage after almost a decade of service in the...

A few thousand years ago, most people believed the Sun was a god who crossed the sky each day. There was even an impetuous youngster, called Icarus...

Power‐over‐Ethernet (PoE) extends versatility for system designers and companies. No longer does one have to locate access points within the typical six...

Time synchronization serves a fundamental role in any network, but it’s too often added as an afterthought. However, it can mean the difference between...

Whether you’re trying to get people to show up for a meeting or managing a scalable cloud-based business application, synchronicity is vital. Countless...

If everything we know travels forward in time, how can we say the fundamental laws of physics are time symmetric? There are other symmetries that also seem obvious: left-handedness vs. right-handedness...

We are taught that the Spring Equinox, when the Sun is precisely overhead at the equator and when the day equals the night everywhere, falls exactly on...

Every geek knows that March 14 is Pi Day, because 3.14 is a 3-digit approximation of pi (π). Of course, π is an irrational number, so you can’t write it down...

In June 2021, the media made much of an unclassified Air Force report on what are now called Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAPs), better known as UFOs. [1] Air Force pilots and other reliable people have...

Nothing epitomizes the creative genius like Albert Einstein. In just one year, 1905, he published four landmark papers. The first explained the photoelectric effect by theorizing that light…

Rainbows mean a lot of things to a lot of people. In Genesis, the rainbow represents a covenant from God. A promise that the world will never again be destroyed by flood [1]. Rainbows often symbolize…

I've blogged about the science of time[1]- but the engineering of time can be just as bizarre. For example, the most popular tourist spot in Prague is the clock at the Old Town Hall, where crowds...